✓ In infancy, the intracranial pressure (ICP) is normally maintained at a level that is very low by standards that apply later in life. There is little or no overlap of normal pressure and the pressure in infantile hydrocephalus. Knowledge of the normal pressure may allow expectant management of milder instances of infantile hydrocephalus.
During the first few days after birth, as the volume of the brain decreases so does its turgor, and subatmospheric ICP is common. Hydrocephalus may be masked or attenuated in severity during that time or may be incorrectly suspected in a normal child because of the increase in circumference of the head accompanying the restitution of volume. The postnatal decrease in ICP may be responsible for ventricular hemorrhage in the newborn.
Aas K, & Halvorsen S: Renal complications in asphyxia neonatorum. Acta Paediatr (Suppl 140):47–48, 1963 (Proceedings)Aas K, Halvorsen S: Renal complications in asphyxia neonatorum. Acta Paediatr (Suppl 140):47–48, 1963 (Proceedings)
Anderson FM: Subdural hematoma, a complication of operation for hydrocephalus. Pediatrics 10:11–17, 1952 Anderson FM: Subdural hematoma, a complication of operation for hydrocephalus. Pediatrics 10:11–17, 1952
Becker DP, & Nulsen FE: Control of hydrocephalus by valve-regulated venous shunt: avoidance of complications in prolonged shunt maintenance. J Neurosurg 28:215–226, 1968 Becker DP, Nulsen FE: Control of hydrocephalus by valve-regulated venous shunt: avoidance of complications in prolonged shunt maintenance. J Neurosurg 28:215–226, 1968
Bradbury MWB, , Crowder J, & Desai S, et al: Electrolytes and water in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of the foetal sheep and guinea-pig. J Physiol 227:591–610, 1972 Bradbury MWB, Crowder J, Desai S, et al: Electrolytes and water in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of the foetal sheep and guinea-pig. J Physiol 227:591–610, 1972
Bucy PC: Subdural hematoma. Illinois Med J 82:300–310, 1942 Bucy PC: Subdural hematoma. Illinois Med J 82:300–310, 1942
Burstein J, , Papile L, & Burstein R: Subependymal germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: diagnosis by CT. Am J Roentgenol 128:971–976, 1977 Burstein J, Papile L, Burstein R: Subependymal germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: diagnosis by CT. Am J Roentgenol 128:971–976, 1977
Calkins R, , Van Allen MW, & Sahs AL: Subdural hematoma following pneumoencephalography. Case report. J Neurosurg 27:56–59, 1967 Calkins R, Van Allen MW, Sahs AL: Subdural hematoma following pneumoencephalography. Case report. J Neurosurg 27:56–59, 1967
Cole VA, , Durbin GM, & Olaffson A, et al: Pathogenesis of intraventricular haemorrhage in newborn infants. Arch Dis Child 49:722–728, 1974 Cole VA, Durbin GM, Olaffson A, et al: Pathogenesis of intraventricular haemorrhage in newborn infants. Arch Dis Child 49:722–728, 1974
Davidoff LM, & Chamlin M: The “fontanometer.” Adaptation of the Schiotz tonometer for the determination of intracranial pressure in the neonatal and early periods of infancy. Pediatrics 24:1065–1068, 1959 Davidoff LM, Chamlin M: The “fontanometer.” Adaptation of the Schiotz tonometer for the determination of intracranial pressure in the neonatal and early periods of infancy. Pediatrics 24:1065–1068, 1959
Deonna T, , Payot M, & Probst A, et al: Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Pediatrics 56:1056–1064, 1975 Deonna T, Payot M, Probst A, et al: Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants. Pediatrics 56:1056–1064, 1975
De Souza SW, , Ross J, & Milner RDG: Alterations in head shape of newborn infants after caesarean section or vaginal delivery. Arch Dis Child 51:624–627, 1976 De Souza SW, Ross J, Milner RDG: Alterations in head shape of newborn infants after caesarean section or vaginal delivery. Arch Dis Child 51:624–627, 1976
Di Rocco C, , McLone DG, & Shimoji T, et al: Continuous intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid pressure recording in hydrocephalic children during wakefulness and sleep. J Neurosurg 42:683–689, 1975 Di Rocco C, McLone DG, Shimoji T, et al: Continuous intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid pressure recording in hydrocephalic children during wakefulness and sleep. J Neurosurg 42:683–689, 1975
Donn SM, & Philip AGS: Early increase in intracranial pressure in preterm infants. Pediatrics 61:904–907, 1978 Donn SM, Philip AGS: Early increase in intracranial pressure in preterm infants. Pediatrics 61:904–907, 1978
Elton NW, , Elton WJ, & Nazareno JP: Pathology of acute salt poisoning in infants. Am J Clin Pathol 39:252–264, 1963 Elton NW, Elton WJ, Nazareno JP: Pathology of acute salt poisoning in infants. Am J Clin Pathol 39:252–264, 1963
Emerson P, , Fujimura M, & Howat P, et al: Timing of intraventricular haemorrhage. Arch Dis Child 52:183–187, 1977 Emerson P, Fujimura M, Howat P, et al: Timing of intraventricular haemorrhage. Arch Dis Child 52:183–187, 1977
Emery JL: Intracranial effects of long-standing decompression of the brain in children with hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele. Dev Med Child Neurol 7:302–309, 1965 Emery JL: Intracranial effects of long-standing decompression of the brain in children with hydrocephalus and meningomyelocele. Dev Med Child Neurol 7:302–309, 1965
Fedrick J, & Butler NR: Certain causes of neonatal death. II. Intraventricular haemorrhage. Biol Neonate 15:257–290, 1970 Fedrick J, Butler NR: Certain causes of neonatal death. II. Intraventricular haemorrhage. Biol Neonate 15:257–290, 1970
Finberg L: Pathogenesis of lesions in the nervous system in hypernatremic states. I. Clinical observations of infants. Pediatrics 23:40–45, 1959 Finberg L: Pathogenesis of lesions in the nervous system in hypernatremic states. I. Clinical observations of infants. Pediatrics 23:40–45, 1959
Finberg L, , Kiley J, & Luttrell CN: Mass accidental salt poisoning in infancy. Study of a hospital disaster. JAMA 184:187–190, 1963 Finberg L, Kiley J, Luttrell CN: Mass accidental salt poisoning in infancy. Study of a hospital disaster. JAMA 184:187–190, 1963
Finberg L, , Luttrell C, & Redd H: Pathogenesis of lesions in the nervous system in hypernatremic states. II. Experimental studies of gross anatomic changes and alterations of chemical composition of the tissues. Pediatrics 23:46–53, 1959 Finberg L, Luttrell C, Redd H: Pathogenesis of lesions in the nervous system in hypernatremic states. II. Experimental studies of gross anatomic changes and alterations of chemical composition of the tissues. Pediatrics 23:46–53, 1959
Forrest DM, & Copper DGW: Complications of ventriculo-atrial shunts. A review of 455 cases. J Neurosurg 29:506–512, 1968 Forrest DM, Copper DGW: Complications of ventriculo-atrial shunts. A review of 455 cases. J Neurosurg 29:506–512, 1968
Gautier E: Neonatal hyperosmolality, an instance of unresponsiveness to antidiuretic hormone, in Jonxis JHP, , Visser HKA, & Troelstra JA (eds): Nutricia Symposium 1st. The Adaptation of the Newborn Infant to Extrauterine Life. Leiden, Neth: Stenfert, Kroese, 1964, pp 83–94 Gautier E: Neonatal hyperosmolality, an instance of unresponsiveness to antidiuretic hormone, in Jonxis JHP, Visser HKA, Troelstra JA (eds): Nutricia Symposium 1st. The Adaptation of the Newborn Infant to Extrauterine Life. Leiden, Neth: Stenfert, Kroese, 1964, pp 83–94
Gerlach J: Subduralhämatom und erniedrigter Schädelinnendruck. Dtsch Z Nervenheilk 160:387–399, 1949 Gerlach J: Subduralhämatom und erniedrigter Schädelinnendruck. Dtsch Z Nervenheilk 160:387–399, 1949
Gerlach J, , Jensen HP, & Koos W, et al: Paediatrische Neurochirurgie mit Klinischer Diagnostik und Differentialdiagnostik in Paediatrie und Neurologie. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 1969, p 139 Gerlach J, Jensen HP, Koos W, et al: Paediatrische Neurochirurgie mit Klinischer Diagnostik und Differentialdiagnostik in Paediatrie und Neurologie. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 1969, p 139
Girard F: Les hématomes sons-duraux; etude expérimentale. Acta Paediatr 45:618–632, 1956 Girard F: Les hématomes sons-duraux; etude expérimentale. Acta Paediatr 45:618–632, 1956
Gordon N: Normal pressure hydrocephalus and arrested hydrocephalus. Dev Med Child Neurol 19:540–543, 1977 Gordon N: Normal pressure hydrocephalus and arrested hydrocephalus. Dev Med Child Neurol 19:540–543, 1977
Haas LL: Roentgenological skull measurements and their diagnostic applications. Am J Roentgenol 67:197–209, 1952 Haas LL: Roentgenological skull measurements and their diagnostic applications. Am J Roentgenol 67:197–209, 1952
Hammock MK, , Milhorat TH, & Baron IS: Normal pressure hydrocephalus in patients with myelomeningocele. Dev Med Child Neurol 18 (Suppl 37):55–68, 1976 Hammock MK, Milhorat TH, Baron IS: Normal pressure hydrocephalus in patients with myelomeningocele. Dev Med Child Neurol 18 (Suppl 37):55–68, 1976
Hayden PW, , Shurtleff DB, & Foltz EL: Ventricular fluid pressure recordings in hydrocephalic patients. Arch Neurol 23:147–154, 1970 Hayden PW, Shurtleff DB, Foltz EL: Ventricular fluid pressure recordings in hydrocephalic patients. Arch Neurol 23:147–154, 1970
Illingworth RD: Subdural haematoma after the treatment of chronic hydrocephalus by ventriculocaval shunts. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 33:95–99, 1970 Illingworth RD: Subdural haematoma after the treatment of chronic hydrocephalus by ventriculocaval shunts. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 33:95–99, 1970
Ingram TTS: Low pressure hydrocephalus. Dev Med Child Neurol 13:676, 1971 (Letter)Ingram TTS: Low pressure hydrocephalus. Dev Med Child Neurol 13:676, 1971 (Letter)
Khalifeh RR, , Van Allen MW, & Sahs AL: Subdural hematoma following pneumoencephalography in an adult. Neurology 14:77–80, 1964 Khalifeh RR, Van Allen MW, Sahs AL: Subdural hematoma following pneumoencephalography in an adult. Neurology 14:77–80, 1964
Korobkin R: The relationship between head circumference and the development of communicating hydrocephalus in infants following ventricular hemorrhage. Pediatrics 56:74–77, 1975 Korobkin R: The relationship between head circumference and the development of communicating hydrocephalus in infants following ventricular hemorrhage. Pediatrics 56:74–77, 1975
Levinson A: Cerebrospinal Fluid in Health and in Disease, ed. 2. St Louis: CV Mosby, 1923, pp 87–90 Levinson A: Cerebrospinal Fluid in Health and in Disease, ed. 2. St Louis: CV Mosby, 1923, pp 87–90
Levinson A: Cerebrospinal fluid in infants and in children. Am J Dis Child 36:799–818, 1928 Levinson A: Cerebrospinal fluid in infants and in children. Am J Dis Child 36:799–818, 1928
Lorber J, & Bhat US: Posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and long-term results. Arch Dis Child 49:751–762, 1974 Lorber J, Bhat US: Posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and long-term results. Arch Dis Child 49:751–762, 1974
Lups S, & Haan AMFH: The Cerebrospinal Fluid. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1954, p 31 Lups S, Haan AMFH: The Cerebrospinal Fluid. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1954, p 31
Luttrell CN, , Finberg L, & Drawdy LP: Hemorrhagic encephalography induced by hypernatremia. II. Experimental observations on hyperosmolarity in cats. Arch Neurol 1:153–160, 1959 Luttrell CN, Finberg L, Drawdy LP: Hemorrhagic encephalography induced by hypernatremia. II. Experimental observations on hyperosmolarity in cats. Arch Neurol 1:153–160, 1959
Magnaes B: Body position and cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Part 2. Clinical studies on orthostatic pressure and the hydrostatic indifferent point. J Neurosurg 44:698–705, 1976 Magnaes B: Body position and cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Part 2. Clinical studies on orthostatic pressure and the hydrostatic indifferent point. J Neurosurg 44:698–705, 1976
Marshall S, & Hinman F Jr: Subdural hematoma following administration of urea for diagnosis of hypertension. JAMA 182:813–814, 1962 Marshall S, Hinman F Jr: Subdural hematoma following administration of urea for diagnosis of hypertension. JAMA 182:813–814, 1962
McCance RA, & Widdowson EM: The influence of events during the last few days in utero on tissue destruction and renal function in the first two days of independent life. Arch Dis Child 29:495–501, 1954 McCance RA, Widdowson EM: The influence of events during the last few days in utero on tissue destruction and renal function in the first two days of independent life. Arch Dis Child 29:495–501, 1954
Merritt HH, & Fremont-Smith F: The Cerebrospinal Fluid. Philadelphia/London: WB Saunders, 1937, 333 pp Merritt HH, Fremont-Smith F: The Cerebrospinal Fluid. Philadelphia/London: WB Saunders, 1937, 333 pp
Milhorat TH, & Hammock MK: “Arrested” versus normal pressure hydrocephalus in children. Clinical Proceedings. Childrens Hosp Nat Med Center 28:168–173, 1972 Milhorat TH, Hammock MK: “Arrested” versus normal pressure hydrocephalus in children. Clinical Proceedings. Childrens Hosp Nat Med Center 28:168–173, 1972
Munro D: Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the new-born. JAMA 90:1688–1689, 1928 Munro D: Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the new-born. JAMA 90:1688–1689, 1928
Munro D: Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the new-born. Res Publ Assoc Nerv Med Dis 8(10):167–173, 1929 Munro D: Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the new-born. Res Publ Assoc Nerv Med Dis 8(10):167–173, 1929
Norrell H, , Wilson C, & Howieson J, et al: Venous factors in infantile hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 31:561–569, 1969 Norrell H, Wilson C, Howieson J, et al: Venous factors in infantile hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 31:561–569, 1969
Paraicz E, & Vajda J: Fortlaufende Registrierung der intraventrikularen Druckwellen bei Hydrocephalus im Sauglingsalter. Neurochirurgia 18:43–51, 1975 Paraicz E, Vajda J: Fortlaufende Registrierung der intraventrikularen Druckwellen bei Hydrocephalus im Sauglingsalter. Neurochirurgia 18:43–51, 1975
Quincke H: Ueber Hydrocephalus. Verh Congresses Inn Med 10:321–340, 1891 Quincke H: Ueber Hydrocephalus. Verh Congresses Inn Med 10:321–340, 1891
Robinson RG: Subdural haematoma in an adult after air encephalography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 20:131–132, 1957 Robinson RG: Subdural haematoma in an adult after air encephalography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 20:131–132, 1957
Robinson RO, , Rolfe P, & Sutton P: Non-invasive method for measuring intracranial pressure in normal newborn infants. Dev Med Child Neurol 19:305–308, 1977 Robinson RO, Rolfe P, Sutton P: Non-invasive method for measuring intracranial pressure in normal newborn infants. Dev Med Child Neurol 19:305–308, 1977
Rosomoff HL: Distribution of intracranial contents after hypertonic urea. J Neurosurg 19:859–864, 1962 Rosomoff HL: Distribution of intracranial contents after hypertonic urea. J Neurosurg 19:859–864, 1962
Rosomoff HL: Effect of hypothermia and hypertonic urea on distribution of intracranial contents. J Neurosurg 18:753–759, 1961 Rosomoff HL: Effect of hypothermia and hypertonic urea on distribution of intracranial contents. J Neurosurg 18:753–759, 1961
Salmon JH, , Hajjar W, & Bada HS: The Fontogram: a noninvasive intracranial pressure monitor. Pediatrics 60:721–725, 1977 Salmon JH, Hajjar W, Bada HS: The Fontogram: a noninvasive intracranial pressure monitor. Pediatrics 60:721–725, 1977
Schoenberg BS, , Mellinger JF, & Schoenberg DG: Perinatal intracranial hemorrhage. Incidence and clinical features. Arch Neurol 34:570–573, 1977 Schoenberg BS, Mellinger JF, Schoenberg DG: Perinatal intracranial hemorrhage. Incidence and clinical features. Arch Neurol 34:570–573, 1977
Shulman K, & Marmarou A: Pressure-volume considerations in infantile hydrocephalus. Dev Med Child Neurol 13 (Suppl 25):90–95, 1971 Shulman K, Marmarou A: Pressure-volume considerations in infantile hydrocephalus. Dev Med Child Neurol 13 (Suppl 25):90–95, 1971
Shulman K, & Ransohoff J: Sagittal sinus venous pressure in hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 23:169–173, 1965 Shulman K, Ransohoff J: Sagittal sinus venous pressure in hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 23:169–173, 1965
Sidbury JB: The importance of lumbar puncture in intracranial hemorrhage of the new-born. Report of a case with recovery. Arch Pediatr 37:545–553, 1920 Sidbury JB: The importance of lumbar puncture in intracranial hemorrhage of the new-born. Report of a case with recovery. Arch Pediatr 37:545–553, 1920
Smith HV, & Crothers B: Subdural fluid as a consequence of pneumoencephalography. Pediatrics 5:375–389, 1950 Smith HV, Crothers B: Subdural fluid as a consequence of pneumoencephalography. Pediatrics 5:375–389, 1950
Stein BM, , Fraser RAR, & Tenner MS: Normal pressure hydrocephalus: complication of posterior fossa surgery in children. Pediatrics 49:50–58, 1972 Stein BM, Fraser RAR, Tenner MS: Normal pressure hydrocephalus: complication of posterior fossa surgery in children. Pediatrics 49:50–58, 1972
Stewart D: The normal cerebro-spinal fluid in children. Arch Dis Child 3:96–108, 1928 Stewart D: The normal cerebro-spinal fluid in children. Arch Dis Child 3:96–108, 1928
Tsiantos A, , Victorin L, & Relier JP, et al: Intracranial hemorrhage in the prematurely born infant. Timing of clots and evaluation of clinical signs and symptoms. J Pediatr 85:854–859, 1974 Tsiantos A, Victorin L, Relier JP, et al: Intracranial hemorrhage in the prematurely born infant. Timing of clots and evaluation of clinical signs and symptoms. J Pediatr 85:854–859, 1974
Vernadakis A, & Woodbury DM: Cellular and extracellular spaces in developing rat brain. Radioactive uptake studies with chloride and inulin. Arch Neurol 12:284–293, 1965 Vernadakis A, Woodbury DM: Cellular and extracellular spaces in developing rat brain. Radioactive uptake studies with chloride and inulin. Arch Neurol 12:284–293, 1965
Vidyasagar D, & Raju TNK: A simple noninvasive technique of measuring intracranial pressure in the new-born. Pediatrics 59:957–961, 1977 Vidyasagar D, Raju TNK: A simple noninvasive technique of measuring intracranial pressure in the new-born. Pediatrics 59:957–961, 1977
Volpe JJ: Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Pathophysiology, neuropathology and clinical features. Clin Perinatol 4:77–102, 1977 Volpe JJ: Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Pathophysiology, neuropathology and clinical features. Clin Perinatol 4:77–102, 1977
Volpe JJ, , Pasternak JF, & Allan WC: Ventricular dilation preceding rapid head growth following neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Am J Dis Child 131:1212–1215, 1977 Volpe JJ, Pasternak JF, Allan WC: Ventricular dilation preceding rapid head growth following neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Am J Dis Child 131:1212–1215, 1977
Wald A, , Epstein FJ, & Hochwald GM: Continuous intracranial pressure monitoring during treatment of neonatal hydrocephalus by cranial compression, in Lundberg N, , Pontén U, & Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure II. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975, pp 141–149 Wald A, Epstein FJ, Hochwald GM: Continuous intracranial pressure monitoring during treatment of neonatal hydrocephalus by cranial compression, in Lundberg N, Pontén U, Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure II. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975, pp 141–149
Walsh J, , Gilles FH, & Welch K: Infantile retrocerebellar cyst with immature neural tissue. Case report. J Neurosurg 48:628–631, 1978 Walsh J, Gilles FH, Welch K: Infantile retrocerebellar cyst with immature neural tissue. Case report. J Neurosurg 48:628–631, 1978
Wealthall SR, & Smallwood R: Methods of measuring intracranial pressure via the fontanelle without puncture. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 37:88–96, 1974 Wealthall SR, Smallwood R: Methods of measuring intracranial pressure via the fontanelle without puncture. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 37:88–96, 1974
Welch K: Determination of the hydrostatic indifferent point. J Neurosurg 45:467–468, 1976 (Letter)Welch K: Determination of the hydrostatic indifferent point. J Neurosurg 45:467–468, 1976 (Letter)
Welch K: The emergence of hydrocephalus after ventricular hemorrhage and the estimation of intracranial pressure in infants. Am J Dis Child 131:1203–1204, 1977 Welch K: The emergence of hydrocephalus after ventricular hemorrhage and the estimation of intracranial pressure in infants. Am J Dis Child 131:1203–1204, 1977
Welch K: Normal pressure hydrocephalus in infants and children. A reappraisal. Z Kinderchir 23:319–324, 1978 Welch K: Normal pressure hydrocephalus in infants and children. A reappraisal. Z Kinderchir 23:319–324, 1978
Welch K: Selected topics relating to hydrocephalus. Exp Eye Res 25 (Suppl):345–375, 1977 Welch K: Selected topics relating to hydrocephalus. Exp Eye Res 25 (Suppl):345–375, 1977
Welch K: Subdural hematoma following spinal anesthesia. Arch Surg 79:49–51, 1959 Welch K: Subdural hematoma following spinal anesthesia. Arch Surg 79:49–51, 1959
Widdowson EM, & Dickerson JWT: The effect of growth and function on the chemical composition of soft tissues. Biochem J 77:30–43, 1960 Widdowson EM, Dickerson JWT: The effect of growth and function on the chemical composition of soft tissues. Biochem J 77:30–43, 1960
Williams B: Cerebrospinal fluid pressure-gradients in spina bifida cystica, with special reference to the Arnold-Chiari malformation and aqueductal stenosis. Dev Med Child Neurol 17 (Suppl 35):138–150, 1975 Williams B: Cerebrospinal fluid pressure-gradients in spina bifida cystica, with special reference to the Arnold-Chiari malformation and aqueductal stenosis. Dev Med Child Neurol 17 (Suppl 35):138–150, 1975
Williams J, , Hirsch NJ, & Corbet AJS, et al: Postnatal head shrinkage in small infants. Pediatrics 59:619–622, 1977 Williams J, Hirsch NJ, Corbet AJS, et al: Postnatal head shrinkage in small infants. Pediatrics 59:619–622, 1977
Willocks J, , Donald I, & Duggan TC, et al: Fetal cephalometry by ultrasound. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 71:11–20, 1964 Willocks J, Donald I, Duggan TC, et al: Fetal cephalometry by ultrasound. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 71:11–20, 1964
Yada K, , Nakagawa Y, & Tsuru M: Site and mechanism of vascular stenosis under increased intracranial pressure — intracranial venous pressure regulation mechanism, in Lundberg N, , Pontén U, & Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure II. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975, pp 427–432 Yada K, Nakagawa Y, Tsuru M: Site and mechanism of vascular stenosis under increased intracranial pressure — intracranial venous pressure regulation mechanism, in Lundberg N, Pontén U, Brock M (eds): Intracranial Pressure II. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975, pp 427–432
All Time | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 2195 | 944 | 116 |
Full Text Views | 273 | 52 | 3 |
PDF Downloads | 404 | 30 | 0 |
EPUB Downloads | 0 | 0 | 0 |