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Erratum. Quantitative analysis of ipsilateral and contralateral supracerebellar infratentorial and occipital transtentorial approaches to the cisternal pulvinar: laboratory anatomical investigation
Mark C. Preul
Editorial. Ipsilateral hemiparesis and its history for neurosurgery: same side, wrong side
Mark C. Preul
History of brain tumor surgery
Mark C. Preul
Erratum. Artery of Uchimura: origin and evolution of identification of the vascular supply to the hippocampus
Mark C. Preul
“The art is long and the life short”: the letters of Wilder Penfield and Harvey Cushing
Mark C. Preul and William Feindel
✓ Wilder Penfield and Harvey Cushing created legacies to neurosurgery, both in terms of those they trained and in their philosophical approach to the field. Their biographies provide only brief comments on their relationship without any thorough examination of their personal correspondence. In this article the Penfield—Cushing relationship is examined through an analysis of their unpublished personal letters. The Penfield—Cushing correspondence is a treasure for neurosurgery; it provides remarkable insight into the embryonic period of the discipline and into the relationship of two of the most influential figures in modern neurosurgery.
William H. Feindel (1918–2014)
Richard Leblanc and Mark C. Preul
William Howard Feindel (1918–2014) was one of the world's most distinguished neurosurgeons and a brilliant neuroscientist. As the Montreal Neurological Institute's third director, having succeeded Theodore Rasmussen and Wilder Penfield, he proved to be a visionary medical and scientific administrator. His keen interests in epilepsy and brain imaging were enhanced by a passion for medical history. Students and young people invariably gravitated to Dr. Feindel; he was a kind, patient, thoughtful, intelligent, and caring mentor who was never too busy for them. A pioneer in his own right, Dr. Feindel linked our modern neurosurgical world with the legacy of the first generations of important neurosurgeons and neuroscientists.
Percutaneous trigeminal ganglion compression for trigeminal neuralgia
Experience in 22 patients and review of the literature
Jeffrey A. Brown and Mark C. Preul
✓ Between 1983 and 1988, a percutaneous trigeminal ganglion compression (PTGC) procedure for trigeminal neuralgia was performed on 22 patients. All patients were initially relieved of their pain. There were three recurrences (14%); two of these patients underwent a second PTGC procedure and one a partial trigeminal nerve root section. Follow-up examination 3 to 53 months after the procedure showed that all patients were free of pain. Morbidity included persistent minor hypesthesia in five patients, persistent minor dysesthesias in three, persistent minor weakness in three, aseptic meningitis in one, transient sixth nerve palsy in one, and transient otalgia in three. None of the patients had either anesthesia dolorosa or an absent corneal reflex.
Origins of Wilder Penfield's surgical technique
The role of the “Cushing ritual” and influences from the European experience
Mark C. Preul and William Feindel
✓ Wilder Penfield left two great legacies: the development of successful surgical treatment of epilepsy and the establishment with his colleagues of the Montreal Neurological Institute as a world-renowned medical center, “dedicated to relief of pain and suffering and to the study of neurology.” That Harvey Cushing's surgical ritual (which stemmed from the painstaking operative methods of Halsted) played a paramount role in the origins of Penfield's surgical technique is revealed by a set of notes and drawings by Penfield during repeated visits in the 1920's to Cushing's clinic at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital.
Penfield's intellectual approach to the nervous system was derived from his studies with Sherrington, Holmes, Cajal, and Hortega. His eclectic surgical style emerged from his familiarity with the operating techniques of Halsted, Dandy, Horsley, Sargent, Cushing, Frazier, Whipple, Leriche, and Foerster. Penfield's debt to these teachers is documented in his memoirs and in an unpublished report on European neurosurgery which he sent to the Rockefeller Foundation in 1928.
