Volume 23: Issue 2 (Feb 2019): Pages 135-259
in Journal of Neurosurgery: PediatricsIllustrations from Wagner et al. (pp 178–186). Created by Katherine Relyea and printed with permission from Baylor College of Medicine.
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In Brief
The study compared two types of functional MRI (fMRI) to see which side of the brain is most responsible for language: traditional task-based fMRI, which requires a high level of patient interaction, and resting-state fMRI, which is typically performed with the patient under light sedation and has no interaction requirement. The authors found that the test correlation was 93%, indicating resting state fMRI has potential to locate language in those unable to participate in task-based fMRI.
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Analysis of direct STA-MCA bypass procedures in young children to achieve flow augmentation via direct revascularization.
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In Brief
Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common, but not all injuries require hospitalization. A computational tool for ruling-in patients who will have clinically relevant TBI (CRTBI) would be valuable, providing an evidence-based mechanism for safe discharge. Here, using data from 12,902 patients from the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) TBI data set, the authors utilize artificial intelligence to predict CRTBI using radiologist-interpreted CT information with > 99% sensitivity and an AUC of 0.99.
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In Brief
Through individual participant data meta-analysis, this study is the first to evaluate the safety and efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a treatment for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) in children and youth. GTS can cause psychosocial and emotional distress for children and their caretakers; this article shows that DBS may be an effective and relatively safe treatment option for carefully selected children and youth with GTS.
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