Further Experience with the Syndrome of “Normal” Pressure Hydrocephalus

R. G. OjemannNeurosurgery, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

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C. M. FisherNeurosurgery, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

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R. D. AdamsNeurosurgery, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

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W. H. SweetNeurosurgery, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

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P. F. J. NewNeurosurgery, Neurology, and Radiology Services, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

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  • 1.

    Adams, R. D. Further observations on normal pressure hydrocephalus. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1966, 592:11351140.Adams, R. D. Further observations on normal pressure hydrocephalus. Proc. R. Soc. Med., 1966, 592:1135–1140.

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  • 2.

    Adams, R. D., , Fisher, C. M., , Hakim, S., , Ojemann, R. G., and & Sweet, W. H. Symptomatic occult hydrocephalus with “normal” cerebrospinal-fluid pressure: a treatable syndrome. New Engl. J. Med., 1965, 273:117126.Adams, R. D., Fisher, C. M., Hakim, S., Ojemann, R. G., and Sweet, W. H. Symptomatic occult hydrocephalus with “normal” cerebrospinal-fluid pressure: a treatable syndrome. New Engl. J. Med., 1965, 273:117–126.

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  • 3.

    Appenzeller, O., and & Salmon, J. H. Treatment of parenchymatous degeneration of the brain by ventriculo-atrial shunting of the cerebrospinal fluid. J. Neurosurg., 1967, 26:478482.Appenzeller, O., and Salmon, J. H. Treatment of parenchymatous degeneration of the brain by ventriculo-atrial shunting of the cerebrospinal fluid. J. Neurosurg., 1967, 26:478–482.

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    Breig, A., , Ekbom, K., , Greitz, T., and & Kugelberg, E. Hydrocephalus due to elongated basilar artery. Lancet, 1967, 1:874875.Breig, A., Ekbom, K., Greitz, T., and Kugelberg, E. Hydrocephalus due to elongated basilar artery. Lancet, 1967, 1:874–875.

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    Cronqvist, S. Encephalographic changes following subarachnoid haemorrhage. Br. J. Radiol., 1967, 40:3842.Cronqvist, S. Encephalographic changes following subarachnoid haemorrhage. Br. J. Radiol., 1967, 40:38–42.

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    Di Chiro, G. New radiographic and isotopic procedures in neurological diagnosis. J. Am. med. Ass., 1964, 188:524529.Di Chiro, G. New radiographic and isotopic procedures in neurological diagnosis. J. Am. med. Ass., 1964, 188:524–529.

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    Foltz, E. L., and & Ward, A. A., Jr. Communicating hydrocephalus from subarachnoid bleeding. J. Neurosurg., 1956, 13:546566.Foltz, E. L., and Ward, A. A., Jr. Communicating hydrocephalus from subarachnoid bleeding. J. Neurosurg., 1956, 13:546–566.

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    Hakim, S. Algunas observaciones sobre la presion del L. C. R. sindrome hidrocefalico en el adulto con “presion normal” del L. C. R. Tesis de grado. Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia, 1964.Hakim, S. Algunas observaciones sobre la presion del L. C. R. sindrome hidrocefalico en el adulto con “presion normal” del L. C. R. Tesis de grado. Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia, 1964.

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    Hakim, S., and & Adams, R. D. The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure: observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics. J. Neurol. Sci., 1965, 2:307327.Hakim, S., and Adams, R. D. The special clinical problem of symptomatic hydrocephalus with normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure: observations on cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics. J. Neurol. Sci., 1965, 2:307–327.

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    Hill, M. E., , Lougheed, W. M., and & Barnett, H. J. M. A treatable form of dementia due to normal-pressure, communicating hydrocephalus. Can. med. Ass. J., 1967, 97:13091320.Hill, M. E., Lougheed, W. M., and Barnett, H. J. M. A treatable form of dementia due to normal-pressure, communicating hydrocephalus. Can. med. Ass. J., 1967, 97:1309–1320.

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    Lin, J. P., , Goodkin, R., , Tong, E., , Epstein, F. J., and & Vinciguerra, E. Radioiodinated serum albumin (RISA) cisternography in the diagnosis of incisural block and occult hydrocephalus. Radiology, 1968, 901:3641.Lin, J. P., Goodkin, R., Tong, E., Epstein, F. J., and Vinciguerra, E. Radioiodinated serum albumin (RISA) cisternography in the diagnosis of incisural block and occult hydrocephalus. Radiology, 1968, 901:36–41.

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  • 12.

    McHugh, P. R. Occult hydrocephalus. Q. J. med., 1964, 33:297312.McHugh, P. R. Occult hydrocephalus. Q. J. med., 1964, 33:297–312.

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    McHugh, P. R., and & Goodell, H. Hydrocephalic dementia: differential diagnosis, psychometric tests, and response to treatment. Neurology, Minneap., 1966, 161:299.McHugh, P. R., and Goodell, H. Hydrocephalic dementia: differential diagnosis, psychometric tests, and response to treatment. Neurology, Minneap., 1966, 161:299.

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    Messert, G., , Henke, T., and & Langheim, W. Syndrome of akinetic mutism associated with obstructive hydrocephalus. Neurology, Minneap., 1966, 16:635649.Messert, G., Henke, T., and Langheim, W. Syndrome of akinetic mutism associated with obstructive hydrocephalus. Neurology, Minneap., 1966, 16:635–649.

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    Ojemann, R. G. Initial experience with the Hakim valve for ventriculovenous shunt. J. Neurosurg., 1968, 28:283287.Ojemann, R. G. Initial experience with the Hakim valve for ventriculovenous shunt. J. Neurosurg., 1968, 28:283–287.

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    Patten, D. H., and & Benson, D. F. Diagnosis of low pressure hydrocephalus by CSF iodine-131 RISA scanning. J. nucl. Med., 1967, 8:267.Patten, D. H., and Benson, D. F. Diagnosis of low pressure hydrocephalus by CSF iodine-131 RISA scanning. J. nucl. Med., 1967, 8:267.

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    Pudenz, R. H., and & Shelden, C. H. Surgical consideration in pre-senile dementia. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurological Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 1965.Pudenz, R. H., and Shelden, C. H. Surgical consideration in pre-senile dementia. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurological Surgery, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 1965.

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    Reiss, J., , Rayport, M., and & Standish, M. Hydrocephalus due to cerebrospinal fluid over-production. Presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, San Francisco, October 1967.Reiss, J., Rayport, M., and Standish, M. Hydrocephalus due to cerebrospinal fluid over-production. Presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, San Francisco, October 1967.

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    Salmon, J. H., and & Appenzeller, O. Ventriculo-atrial shunt for dementia. Presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, San Francisco, October 1967.Salmon, J. H., and Appenzeller, O. Ventriculo-atrial shunt for dementia. Presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons, San Francisco, October 1967.

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    Shulman, K., , Martin, B. F., , Popoff, N., and & Ransohoff, J. Recognition and treatment of hydrocephalus following spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. J. Neurosurg., 1963, 20:10401049.Shulman, K., Martin, B. F., Popoff, N., and Ransohoff, J. Recognition and treatment of hydrocephalus following spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. J. Neurosurg., 1963, 20:1040–1049.

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    Wilkinson, H. A., , Lemay, M., and & Drew, J. H. Adult aqueductal stenosis. Archs Neurol., Chicago, 1966, 15:643648.Wilkinson, H. A., Lemay, M., and Drew, J. H. Adult aqueductal stenosis. Archs Neurol., Chicago, 1966, 15:643–648.

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  • 22.

    Yakoviev, P. I. Paraplegias of hydrocephalus: clinical note and interpretation. Am. J. ment. Defic., 1947, 51:561576.Yakoviev, P. I. Paraplegias of hydrocephalus: clinical note and interpretation. Am. J. ment. Defic., 1947, 51:561–576.

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