The Limbic System and Its Hippocampal Formation

Studies in Animals and Their Possible Application to Man

Paul D. MacLean Departments of Psychiatry and Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut

Search for other papers by Paul D. MacLean in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
 M.D.
Restricted access

Purchase Now

USD  $45.00

JNS + Pediatrics - 1 year subscription bundle (Individuals Only)

USD  $525.00

JNS + Pediatrics + Spine - 1 year subscription bundle (Individuals Only)

USD  $624.00
USD  $45.00
USD  $525.00
USD  $624.00
Print or Print + Online Sign in
  • Collapse
  • Expand
  • 1.

    Adrian, E. D. Olfactory reactions in the brain of the hedgehog. J. Physiol., 1942, 100: 459473.Adrian, E. D. Olfactory reactions in the brain of the hedgehog. J. Physiol., 1942, 100: 459–473.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2.

    Allen, W. F. Effect of ablating the pyriform-amygdaloid areas and hippocampi on positive and negative olfactory conditioned reflexes and on conditioned olfactory differentiation. Amer. J. Physiol., 1941, 132: 8192.Allen, W. F. Effect of ablating the pyriform-amygdaloid areas and hippocampi on positive and negative olfactory conditioned reflexes and on conditioned olfactory differentiation. Amer. J. Physiol., 1941, 132: 81–92.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 3.

    Andy, O., and & Akert, K. Electrically induced seizure discharge from Ammon's formation, fornix, thalamus and cingulate gyrus in the cat and monkey. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 320.Andy, O., and Akert, K. Electrically induced seizure discharge from Ammon's formation, fornix, thalamus and cingulate gyrus in the cat and monkey. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 320.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 4.

    Andy, O. J., and & Akert, K. Electroencephalographic and behavioral changes during seizures induced by stimulation of Ammon's formation in the cat and monkey. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, suppl. 3, 48 Andy, O. J., and Akert, K. Electroencephalographic and behavioral changes during seizures induced by stimulation of Ammon's formation in the cat and monkey. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, suppl. 3, 48.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 5.

    Bard, P., and & Mountcastle, V. B. Some forebrain mechanisms involved in expression of rage with special reference to suppression of angry behavior. Res. Publ. Ass. nerv. ment. Dis., 1948, 27: 362404.Bard, P., and Mountcastle, V. B. Some forebrain mechanisms involved in expression of rage with special reference to suppression of angry behavior. Res. Publ. Ass. nerv. ment. Dis., 1948, 27: 362–404.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 6.

    Broca, P. Anatomie comparée des circonvolutions cérébrales. Le grand lobe limbique et la scissure limbique dans la série des mammifères. Rev. anthrop., 1878, s. 2, 1: 385498.Broca, P. Anatomie comparé des circonvolutions cérébrales. Le grand lobe limbique et la scissure limbique dans la série des mammifères. Rev. anthrop., 1878, s. 2, 1: 385–498.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 7.

    Brodal, A. The hippocampus and the sense of smell. A review. Brain, 1947, 70: 179222.Brodal, A. The hippocampus and the sense of smell. A review. Brain, 1947, 70: 179–222.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 8.

    Burgen, A. S. V., and & Chipman, L. M. Cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase in the central nervous system of the dog. J. Physiol., 1951, 114: 296305.Burgen, A. S. V., and Chipman, L. M. Cholinesterase and succinic dehydrogenase in the central nervous system of the dog. J. Physiol., 1951, 114: 296–305.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 9.

    Clark, W. E. Le G. The structure and connections of the thalamus. Brain, 1932, 55: 406470.Clark, W. E. Le G. The structure and connections of the thalamus. Brain, 1932, 55: 406–470.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 10.

    Cobb, S. Emotions and clinical medicine. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1950, 243 pp. Cobb, S. Emotions and clinical medicine. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1950, 243 pp.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 11.

    Creutzfeldt, O. D., and & Meyer-Mickeleit, R. W. Patterns of convulsive discharges of the hippocampus and their propagation. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, suppl. 3, 43.Creutzfeldt, O. D., and Meyer-Mickeleit, R. W. Patterns of convulsive discharges of the hippocampus and their propagation. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, suppl. 3, 43.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 12.

    Dell, P. Corrélations entre le système végétatif et le système de la vie de relation. Mésencéphale, diencéphale et cortex cérébral. J. Physiol. Path. gén., 1952, 44: 471557.Dell, P. Corrélations entre le système végétatif et le système de la vie de relation. Mésencéphale, diencéphale et cortex cérébral. J. Physiol. Path. gén., 1952, 44: 471–557.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 13.

    Dell, P., and & Olson, R. Projections thalamiques, corticales et cérébelleuses des afférences viscérales vagales. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, 1951, 145: 10841088.Dell, P., and Olson, R. Projections thalamiques, corticales et cérébelleuses des afférences viscérales vagales. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, 1951, 145: 1084–1088.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 14.

    Dell, P., and & Olson, R. Projections “secondaires” mésencéphaliques, diencéphaliques et amygdaliennes des afférences viscérales vagales. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, 1951, 145: 10881091.Dell, P., and Olson, R. Projections “secondaires” mésencéphaliques, diencéphaliques et amygdaliennes des afférences viscérales vagales. C.R. Soc. Biol. Paris, 1951, 145: 1088–1091.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 15.

    Earle, K. M., , Baldwin, M., and & Penfield, W. Incisural sclerosis and temporal lobe seizures produced by hippocampal herniation at birth. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago., 1953, 69: 2742.Earle, K. M., Baldwin, M., and Penfield, W. Incisural sclerosis and temporal lobe seizures produced by hippocampal herniation at birth. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago., 1953, 69: 27–42.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 16.

    Feldberg, W., and & Vogt, M. Acetylcholine synthesis in different regions of the central nervous system. J. Physiol., 1948, 107: 372381.Feldberg, W., and Vogt, M. Acetylcholine synthesis in different regions of the central nervous system. J. Physiol., 1948, 107: 372–381.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 17.

    Fox, C. A. The stria terminalis, longitudinal association bundle and precommissural fornix fibers in the cat. J. comp. Neurol., 1943, 79: 277295.Fox, C. A. The stria terminalis, longitudinal association bundle and precommissural fornix fibers in the cat. J. comp. Neurol., 1943, 79: 277–295.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 18.

    Fulton, J. F. Frontal lobotomy and affective behavior. A neurophysiological analysis. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1951, 159 pp. Fulton, J. F. Frontal lobotomy and affective behavior. A neurophysiological analysis. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1951, 159 pp.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 19.

    Fulton, J. F. Somatic functions of the central nervous system. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 1953, 15: 305328.Fulton, J. F. Somatic functions of the central nervous system. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 1953, 15: 305–328.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 20.

    Garcia-Bengochea, F., , Corrigan, R., , Morgane, P., , Russell, D., Jr., and & Heath, R. G. Studies on the function of the temporal lobes. I. The section of the fornix. Trans. Amer. neurol. Ass., 1951, 238239.Garcia-Bengochea, F., Corrigan, R., Morgane, P., Russell, D., Jr., and Heath, R. G. Studies on the function of the temporal lobes. I. The section of the fornix. Trans. Amer. neurol. Ass., 1951, 238–239.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 21.

    Gastaut, H. Corrélations entre le système nerveux végétatif et le système de la vie de relation dans le rhinencéphale. J. Physiol. Path, gén., 1952, 44: 431470.Gastaut, H. Corrélations entre le système nerveux végétatif et le système de la vie de relation dans le rhinencéphale. J. Physiol. Path, gén., 1952, 44: 431–470.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 22.

    Gastaut, H., , Naquet, R., , Vigouroux, R., and & Corriol., J. Provocation de comportements émotionnels divers par stimulation rhinencéphalique chez le chat avec électrodes à demeure. Rev. neurol., 1952, 86: 319327.Gastaut, H., Naquet, R., Vigouroux, R., and Corriol., J. Provocation de comportements émotionnels divers par stimulation rhinencéphalique chez le chat avec électrodes à demeure. Rev. neurol., 1952, 86: 319–327.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 23.

    Gastaut, H., , Vigouroux, R., , Corriol., J., and & Badier, M. Effets de la stimulation électrique (par électrodes à demeure) du complexe amygdalien chez le chat non narcosé. J. Physiol. Path. gen., 1951, 43: 740746.Gastaut, H., Vigouroux, R., Corriol., J., and Badier, M. Effets de la stimulation électrique (par électrodes à demeure) du complexe amygdalien chez le chat non narcosé. J. Physiol. Path. gen., 1951, 43: 740–746.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 24.

    Gerard, R. W., , Marshall, W. H., and & Saul, L. J. Electrical activity of the cat's brain. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1936, 36: 675735.Gerard, R. W., Marshall, W. H., and Saul, L. J. Electrical activity of the cat's brain. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1936, 36: 675–735.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 25.

    Green, J. D., and & Arduini, A. Rhinencephalic responses to afferent stimulation. XIX International Physiological Congress. Abstracts of communications, 1953, 409410.Green, J. D., and Arduini, A. Rhinencephalic responses to afferent stimulation. XIX International Physiological Congress. Abstracts of communications, 1953, 409–410.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 26.

    Green, J. D., and & Shimamoto, T. Pathways in rhinencephalic seizures. Fed. Proc., 1953, 12: 56.Green, J. D., and Shimamoto, T. Pathways in rhinencephalic seizures. Fed. Proc., 1953, 12: 56.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 27.

    Jackson, J. H. In: Selected writings of John Hughlings Jackson. J. Taylor, , G. Holmes and & F. M. R. Walshe, Ed. London: Hodder & Stoughton, Ltd., 1931, 1: 458463.Jackson, J. H. In: Selected writings of John Hughlings Jackson. J. Taylor, G. Holmes and F. M.R. Walshe, Ed. London: Hodder & Stoughton, Ltd., 1931, 1: 458–463.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 28.

    Jasper, H., and & Kershman, J. Electroencephalographic classification of the epilepsies. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1941, 45: 903943.Jasper, H., and Kershman, J. Electroencephalographic classification of the epilepsies. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1941, 45: 903–943.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 29.

    Jasper, H., , Pertuisset, B., and & Flanigin, H. EEG and cortical electrograms in patients with temporal lobe seizures. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1951, 65: 272290.Jasper, H., Pertuisset, B., and Flanigin, H. EEG and cortical electrograms in patients with temporal lobe seizures. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1951, 65: 272–290.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 30.

    Jung, R., and & Kornmüller, A. E. Eine Methodik der Ableitung lokalisierter Potentialschwankungen aus subcorticalen Hirngebieten. Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr., 1938, 109: 130.Jung, R., and Kornmüller, A. E. Eine Methodik der Ableitung lokalisierter Potentialschwankungen aus subcorticalen Hirngebieten. Arch. Psychiat. Nervenkr., 1938, 109: 1–30.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 31.

    Kaada, B. R. Somato-motor, autonomic and electrocorticographic responses to electrical stimulation of ‘rhinencephalic’ and other structures in primates, cat and dog. A study of responses from the limbic, subcallosal, orbito-insular, piriform and temporal cortex, hippocampus-fornix and amygdala. Acta physiol. scand., 1951, 24: suppl. 83, 285 pp. Kaada, B. R. Somato-motor, autonomic and electrocorticographic responses to electrical stimulation of ‘rhinencephalic’ and other structures in primates, cat and dog. A study of responses from the limbic, subcallosal, orbito-insular, piriform and temporal cortex, hippocampus-fornix and amygdala. Acta physiol. scand., 1951, 24: suppl. 83, 285 pp.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 32.

    Klüver, H. Brain mechanisms and behavior with special reference to the rhinencephalon. Journal-Lancet, 1952, 72: 567574.Klüver, H. Brain mechanisms and behavior with special reference to the rhinencephalon. Journal-Lancet, 1952, 72: 567–574.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 33.

    Klüver, H. and & Bucy, P. C. Preliminary analysis of functions of the temporal lobes in monkeys. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1939, 42: 9791000.Klüver, H. and Bucy, P. C. Preliminary analysis of functions of the temporal lobes in monkeys. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1939, 42: 979–1000.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 34.

    Koikegami, H., and & Fuse, S. Studies on the functions and fiber connections of the amygdaloid nuclei and periamygdaloid cortex. Experiment on the respiratory movements. Folia psychiat. neur. jap., 1952, 5: 188197.Koikegami, H., and Fuse, S. Studies on the functions and fiber connections of the amygdaloid nuclei and periamygdaloid cortex. Experiment on the respiratory movements. Folia psychiat. neur. jap., 1952, 5: 188–197.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 35.

    Koikegami, H., , Kushiro, H., and & Kimoto, A. Studies on the functions and fiber connections of the amygdaloid nuclei and periamygdaloid cortex. Experiments on gastrointestinal motility and body temperature in cat. Folia psychiat. neur. jap., 1952, 6: 7693.Koikegami, H., Kushiro, H., and Kimoto, A. Studies on the functions and fiber connections of the amygdaloid nuclei and periamygdaloid cortex. Experiments on gastrointestinal motility and body temperature in cat. Folia psychiat. neur. jap., 1952, 6: 76–93.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 36.

    Kubie, L. S. The central representation of the symbolic process in psychosomatic disorders (special article). Psychosom. Med., 1953, 15: 17.Kubie, L. S. The central representation of the symbolic process in psychosomatic disorders (special article). Psychosom. Med., 1953, 15: 1–7.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 37.

    Kubie, L. S. Some implications for psychoanalysis of modern concepts of the organization of the brain. Psychoanal. Quart., 1953, 22: 2152.Kubie, L. S. Some implications for psychoanalysis of modern concepts of the organization of the brain. Psychoanal. Quart., 1953, 22: 21–52.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 38.

    Liberson, W. T., and & Akert, K. Observations on electrical activity of the hippocampus, thalamus, striatum, and cortex under resting conditions and during experimental seizure states in guinea pigs. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 320.Liberson, W. T., and Akert, K. Observations on electrical activity of the hippocampus, thalamus, striatum, and cortex under resting conditions and during experimental seizure states in guinea pigs. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 320.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 39.

    Liberson, W. T., and & Akert, K. Hippocampal seizure states in the guinea pig. A comparative study of the electrical activity of the Ammon's formation, amygdala, thalamus, striatum, and isocortex under resting conditions and during “seizures.” Read at the annual meeting of the Eastern Association of Electroencephalographers, December, 1952.Liberson, W. T., and Akert, K. Hippocampal seizure states in the guinea pig. A comparative study of the electrical activity of the Ammon's formation, amygdala, thalamus, striatum, and isocortex under resting conditions and during “seizures.” Read at the annual meeting of the Eastern Association of Electroencephalographers, December, 1952.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 40.

    Liberson, W. T., and & Cadilhac, G. Further observations on DC potentials during electrically induced seizure discharge activity in guinea pig. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 320.Liberson, W. T., and Cadilhac, G. Further observations on DC potentials during electrically induced seizure discharge activity in guinea pig. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 320.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 41.

    Liberson, W. T., and & Cadilhac, J. G. Electroshock and rhinencephalic seizure states. Confin. neurol. (In press) Liberson, W. T., and Cadilhac, J. G. Electroshock and rhinencephalic seizure states. Confin. neurol. (In press)

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 42.

    Lorente de Nó, R. Studies on the structure of the cerebral cortex. I. The area entorhinalis. J. Psychol. Neurol., Lpz., 1934, 45: 381438.Lorente de Nó, R. Studies on the structure of the cerebral cortex. I. The area entorhinalis. J. Psychol. Neurol., Lpz., 1934, 45: 381–438.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 43.

    Lorente de Nó, R. In: Fulton, J. F. Physiology of the nervous system. New York: Oxford University Press, 1949, x, 667 pp. (see pp. 288–315).Lorente de Nó, R. In: Fulton, J. F. Physiology of the nervous system. New York: Oxford University Press, 1949, x, 667 pp. (see pp. 288–315).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 44.

    MacIntosh, F. C. The distribution of acetylcholine in the peripheral and the central nervous system. J. Physiol., 1941, 99: 436442.MacIntosh, F. C. The distribution of acetylcholine in the peripheral and the central nervous system. J. Physiol., 1941, 99: 436–442.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 45.

    MacLean, P. D. Psychosomatic disease and the “visceral brain.” Recent developments bearing on the Papez theory of emotion. Psychosom. Med., 1949, 11: 338353.MacLean, P. D. Psychosomatic disease and the “visceral brain.” Recent developments bearing on the Papez theory of emotion. Psychosom. Med., 1949, 11: 338–353.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 46.

    MacLean, P. D. Developments in electroencephalography: the basal and temporal regions. Yale J. Biol. Med., 1950, 22: 437451.MacLean, P. D. Developments in electroencephalography: the basal and temporal regions. Yale J. Biol. Med., 1950, 22: 437–451.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 47.

    MacLean, P. D. Some psychiatric implications of physiological studies on frontotemporal portion of limbic system. (Visceral brain) Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1952, 4: 407418.MacLean, P. D. Some psychiatric implications of physiological studies on frontotemporal portion of limbic system. (Visceral brain) Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1952, 4: 407–418.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 48.

    MacLean, P. D. Electrical and chemical stimulation of the posterior hippocampus. (In preparation) MacLean, P. D. Electrical and chemical stimulation of the posterior hippocampus. (In preparation)

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 49.

    MacLean, P. D., and & Arellano Z., A. P. Basal lead studies in epileptic automatisms. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1950, 2: 116.MacLean, P. D., and Arellano Z., A. P. Basal lead studies in epileptic automatisms. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1950, 2: 1–16.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 50.

    MacLean, P. D., and & Delgado, J. M. R. Electrical and chemical stimulation of frontotemporal portion of limbic system in the waking animal. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 91100.MacLean, P. D., and Delgado, J. M. R. Electrical and chemical stimulation of frontotemporal portion of limbic system in the waking animal. Electroenceph. clin. Neurophysiol., 1953, 5: 91–100.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 51.

    MacLean, P. D., , Horwitz, N. H., and & Robinson, F. Olfactory-like responses in pyriform area to non-olfactory stimulation. Yale J. Biol. Med., 1952, 25: 159172.MacLean, P. D., Horwitz, N. H., and Robinson, F. Olfactory-like responses in pyriform area to non-olfactory stimulation. Yale J. Biol. Med., 1952, 25: 159–172.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 52.

    MacLean, P. D., and & Pribram, K. H. Neuronographic analysis of medial and basal cerebral cortex. I. Cat. J. Neurophysiol., 1953, 16: 312323.MacLean, P. D., and Pribram, K. H. Neuronographic analysis of medial and basal cerebral cortex. I. Cat. J. Neurophysiol., 1953, 16: 312–323.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 53.

    Morin, F., and & Green, J. D. Hippocampal seizures. Anat. Rec., 1953, 115: 433.Morin, F., and Green, J. D. Hippocampal seizures. Anat. Rec., 1953, 115: 433.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 54.

    Nilges, R. G. The arteries of the mammalian cornu ammonis. J. comp. Neurol., 1944, 80: 177190.Nilges, R. G. The arteries of the mammalian cornu ammonis. J. comp. Neurol., 1944, 80: 177–190.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 55.

    Papez, J. W. A proposed mechanism of emotion. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1937, 38: 725743.Papez, J. W. A proposed mechanism of emotion. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1937, 38: 725–743.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 56.

    Penfield, W. Memory mechanisms. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1952, 67: 178191.Penfield, W. Memory mechanisms. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1952, 67: 178–191.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 57.

    Petr, R., , Holden, L. B., and & Jirout, J. The efferent intercortical connections of the superficial cortex of the temporal lobe (Macaca mulatta). J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol., 1949, 8: 100103.Petr, R., Holden, L. B., and Jirout, J. The efferent intercortical connections of the superficial cortex of the temporal lobe (Macaca mulatta). J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol., 1949, 8: 100–103.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 58.

    Pribram, K. H. Personal communication.Pribram, K. H. Personal communication.

  • 59.

    Pribram, K. H., and & Bagshaw, M. Further analysis of the temporal lobe syndrome utilizing frontotemporal ablations. J. comp. Neurol. 1953, 99: 347375.Pribram, K. H., and Bagshaw, M. Further analysis of the temporal lobe syndrome utilizing frontotemporal ablations. J. comp. Neurol. 1953, 99: 347–375.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 60.

    Pribram, K. H., and & MacLean, P. D. Neuronographic analysis of medial and basal cerebral cortex. II. Monkey. J. Neurophysiol., 1953, 16: 324340.Pribram, K. H., and MacLean, P. D. Neuronographic analysis of medial and basal cerebral cortex. II. Monkey. J. Neurophysiol., 1953, 16: 324–340.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 61.

    Ramón y Cajal, S. Studien über die Hirnrinde des Menschen. J. Bresler, Transl. Leipzig: J. A. Barth, 1903, 4: 195 pp. Ramón y Cajal, S. Studien über die Hirnrinde des Menschen. J. Bresler, Transl. Leipzig: J. A. Barth, 1903, 4: 195 pp.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 62.

    Robinson, F., and & Lennox, M. A. Sensory mechanisms in hippocampus, cingulate gyrus and cerebellum of the cat. Fed. Proc., 1951, 10: 110111.Robinson, F., and Lennox, M. A. Sensory mechanisms in hippocampus, cingulate gyrus and cerebellum of the cat. Fed. Proc., 1951, 10: 110–111.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 63.

    Ruf, H. Experiments on the prolongation of induced epileptiform convulsions in the cat. J. ment. Sci., 1952, 98: 454456.Ruf, H. Experiments on the prolongation of induced epileptiform convulsions in the cat. J. ment. Sci., 1952, 98: 454–456.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 64.

    Sano, K., and & Malamud, N. Clinical significance of sclerosis of the cornu ammonis. Ictal “psychic phenomena.” Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1953, 70: 4053.Sano, K., and Malamud, N. Clinical significance of sclerosis of the cornu ammonis. Ictal “psychic phenomena.” Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1953, 70: 40–53.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 65.

    Scharrer, E. Vascularization and vulnerability of the cornu ammonis in the opossum. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1940, 44: 483506.Scharrer, E. Vascularization and vulnerability of the cornu ammonis in the opossum. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 1940, 44: 483–506.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 66.

    Schreiner, L., and & Kling, A. Behavioral changes following rhinencephalic injury in cat. J. Neurophysiol., 1953: 16 643659.Schreiner, L., and Kling, A. Behavioral changes following rhinencephalic injury in cat. J. Neurophysiol. 1953, 16: 643–659.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 67.

    Simpson, D. A. The efferent fibres of the hippocampus in the monkey. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1952, n.s. 15: 7992.Simpson, D. A. The efferent fibres of the hippocampus in the monkey. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1952, n.s. 15: 79–92.

    • Crossref
    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 68.

    Takahashi, K. Experiments on the periamygdaloid cortex of cat and dog. Folia psychiat. neur. jap., 1951, 5: 147154.Takahashi, K. Experiments on the periamygdaloid cortex of cat and dog. Folia psychiat. neur. jap., 1951, 5: 147–154.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 69.

    Thomson, A. F., and & Walker, A. E. Behavioral alterations following lesions of the medial surface of the temporal lobe. Folia psychiat. neerl., 1950, 53: 444452.Thomson, A. F., and Walker, A. E. Behavioral alterations following lesions of the medial surface of the temporal lobe. Folia psychiat. neerl., 1950, 53: 444–452.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 70.

    Wiener, N. Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1948, 194 pp. (see p. 155).Wiener, N. Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1948, 194 pp. (see p. 155).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 71.

    Yakovlev, P. I. Motility, behavior and the brain. Stereodynamic organization and neural co-ordinates of behavior. J. nerv. ment. Dis., 1948, 107: 313335.Yakovlev, P. I. Motility, behavior and the brain. Stereodynamic organization and neural co-ordinates of behavior. J. nerv. ment. Dis., 1948, 107: 313–335.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

Metrics

All Time Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 2014 308 20
Full Text Views 337 12 3
PDF Downloads 160 11 1
EPUB Downloads 0 0 0